FARSI
Basically, renewable energy technologies in Iran are related to grid-connected power generation technologies. These technologies include offshore wind farms, medium and small hydropower plants, geothermal power, concentrated solar heat power, solar photovoltaics, and landfill gas (biomass energy).
PAZH | Considering that energy is one of the determining indicators in economic development and the development and optimization of renewable energy can play an influential role in economic growth and protection of environmental conditions,
The global energy supply system faces problems such as price fluctuations, energy security, and environmental issues. Mankind will face two great crises soon. One is environmental pollution due to the combustion of fossil fuels, and the other is the increasing acceleration toward the depletion of these resources. The main reason for these problems is the significant contribution of fossil fuels to the composition of the energy basket. Fossil fuels currently account for more than 80% of the world’s energy supply.
According to the British Petroleum Company (BP) Energy Outlook in 2018, renewable energy will be the fastest-growing energy, increasing fivefold by 2040, thus providing about 14% of global primary energy in the future.
At the same time, large oil companies, as a declining industry, are gradually facing potential prospects.
As a strategic response to the potential for growth in the renewable energy sector and the increasing cost of hydrocarbon extraction, oil companies are increasingly active in the electricity and renewable energy sectors.
Large oil companies are leading the way in developing new strategies to capture part of the fast-growing renewable markets, and while no doubt still struggling with the value of renewables, they can accurately counteract renewable energy in the face of oil developments. Moreover, evaluate the exact gas and time. Since this transfer, they have already made the first choices of capital allocation.
Given that global warming, climate change, and widespread droughts are the most important threats to human life, the development of renewable energy combined with the rational use of fossil fuels seems to be a good solution.
The main indicator for the successful development and use of renewable energy is the possibility of competing with other forms of energy in terms of price and cost. This is especially important in developing countries, which have more limited financial resources than developed countries, and, therefore, the optimal allocation of financial resources is essential.
Regarding the lack of sufficient data in order to demonstrate comprehensive, integrated policies for the use of renewable energy supply systems in Iran, this study, using a review methodology, investigated current and future energy demands and existing renewable energy resource policies in Iran by employing the latest available data from the Ministry of Energy, Ministry of Petroleum and national laws and documents. Then, the strategic analysis estimated the direction of relationships among considered variables.
The experiences of different countries and the comparative studies conducted in the present project indicate that no single set of policies can successfully create a renewable energy industry in any country, both operationally and financially.
However, it seems that many concerns such as the emission of pollution, especially carbon dioxide, access to resources, the cost of fossil fuels, security of supply, and the impact on foreign exchange have led to an environment of high interest in the development of renewable energy sources globally Arise.
Iran’s extractable gas resources are so vast that it is very difficult to justify the use of more expensive energy sources in the future. Resource depletion is not currently a challenge. However, in the near future, this decline may be particularly significant at the level of national policy, especially for oil. Perhaps for Iran, the decision to move towards the use of renewable energy sources is more than an absolute necessity, it is to diversify electricity generation.
Previous studies have shown that there are relatively rich sources of renewable energy in our country. However, for economic reasons and to ensure sufficient competition, it seems that the position of wind energy in Iran is higher than other renewable energy sources and has a higher priority in the short or medium term. The wind turbine market in Iran is far from the competitive pressures of wind turbine manufacturers and their domestic and foreign components, and the indirect transfer of technology through the exchange of human resources with other international wind energy institutions and enterprises does not exist or is very low. Wind turbine towers also seem to be supplied from within.
These two components together make up 25% of the value of a normal wind turbine, and this rate of domestic production is relatively high for the current size of the Iranian market. According to the analysis performed by SANA, another 25%, which includes other equipment and parts, is also produced domestically.
A total of 50% of domestic production is very high and close to the level reached by the first wind turbine manufacturing industries in Denmark and Germany. Of course, the technical and commercial risks are relatively high, even for high-volume production.
Having sufficient and appropriate expertise in the form of experienced engineers for the development of wind technology in the factory is necessary for all turbine factories and component manufacturers.
It is also necessary to conduct wider planning for the construction of wind farms in the country with the help of experiences and information obtained from the implementation of pilot projects.
Wind energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy, and hydropower in our country have very good and non-polluting sources, each of which can provide us with very large amounts of energy. Therefore, it is hoped that policymakers in this field will take greater steps to support, encourage, and develop these clean resources in Iran.
Renewable energy has caused the employment of 43,450 people directly and indirectly in the country and the volume of non-governmental investment in this sector has reached more than 124,000 billion rials.
From July 2009 to the beginning of June 2016, three billion and 132 million kilowatt hours of energy was produced from renewable sources, and this amount of electricity generation from renewable energy could reduce the emission of about two million and 161 thousand tons of greenhouse gases.
In addition, this amount of new energy production has reduced 889 million cubic meters of fossil fuel consumption in Iran, which is one of the main causes of air pollution in the country, and more than 689 million liters of water have been saved.
Currently, 416 MW of renewable power plants are under construction in the country, and the installed capacity of the country’s new energy has reached 724 MW.
Thus far, 103 MW renewable power plants have been installed in the country and another 42 MW power plants are under construction.
A review of the figures in this section indicates that 44% of the country’s renewable power plants are solar, 40% wind, 13% small hydropower, 2% heat recovery, and 1% biomass.
Soon, Iran will be able to supply a significant percentage of its electricity through renewable energy sources. Iran has a high climatic diversity and of the four types of climate in the world, four types are available in Iran, which has increased the potential for the use of renewable energy.
wind energy has a higher priority than other cases in terms of economic justification and market competition, and domestic production rates. Other renewable energy sources for power generation and grid connection are less of a priority for short- or medium-term investment. However, for non-grid use in the country, they can also be instrumental in the short term. In general, Iran can be a hub for renewable energy.
